Evaluating Eligibility Rules Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Eligibility Rules Essay In determining which eligibility rules can be associated with the Lakeland Police Department, it the objectives of such institution must be looked into before going through the details in which such rules apply. The institution provides public and security measures to the community it holds. They promote the welfare of the people around them under the parameters mandated by the law in the creation of such institution. With this, the eligibility rules that the agency uses revolves around the (1) eligibility by administrative rule and regulation, (2) eligibility by administrative discretion and (3) eligibility by judicial decision. To understand whether the eligibility rules advocated by the agency promotes a stigmatization, trade-offs or off-target benefits, each rule must be looked into in accordance to the application of such within the Lakeland Police Department. The eligibility by administrative rule and regulations creates â€Å"an advantage to client beneficiaries because it gives social workers and other human service staff members a means by which to administer the benefit or service program evenhandedly and reliably, so that people similarly situated are given similar benefits. (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 112) This rule can be seen to create trade-offs within the system of Lakeland Police Department. Trade-offs is evident because of the situational circumstances in which this rule can be applied to citizens within the district. There are implications of such applications in the way the police department addresses the people. â€Å"On the other hand, administrative rules restrict the freedom of staff members to use their discretion that is to judge need for the benefit or service in individual circumstances. (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 112) The next thing is the eligibility by administrative discretion. This discretion sees to it that all particular concerns within a system need to be addressed by the agency. â€Å"All general organizational policies and administrative rules must be interpreted and applied to individual situations, so it is important to understand that such interpretation and applications necessarily involve significant personal judgment on the part of the staff member. † (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 14) With this, it can be seen that there is a stigmatization of benefits among members of the community handled by the Lakeland Police Department. Their capability to address situations of its citizens particularly concerning their welfare in accordance to the law and mandates of the city can clearly be seen. This creates benefits among locals on the assurance that their welfare is protected by the agency. Lastly, is the eligibility of judicial decision. This rule can also be seen as applicable to the Lakeland Police Department. After a program has been in operation for a period of time, it is very likely that a contention will arise about whether the enabling legislation or whether an administrative rule or discretionary judgment was faithful to the spirit and intention of the law under which the program or policy was established. † (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 115) It can be seen that this categorization creates an important part of the Lakeland Police Academy. This creates a stigmatization of benefits among local citizenry. It may be true that the agency can exercise administrative discretion, however issues may arise between the proper execution and application of such initiative among members of the community. This rule seeks to create a check-and-balance among the members of the police force. It is true that the objectives are in-line with the rules and mandates of the law, however, the actual practice remains to be on the part of local enforcers and policeman. This creates a subjective interpretation of actions by enforcers that more often than not leads to judicial contention. Appeals to the judiciary for clarification of the law are routine and in the end they can become as important as the legislation or administrative rules themselves. † (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 115) To determine whether there are weak rules in the system of Lakeland Police Department, the three eligibility rules again must be looked into. On the eligibility by administrative rule and regulation, there exists a problematic issue on how to effectively distinguish what are the different parameters for such actions. The agency may have difficulty in promoting the necessary measures present if such issue persists. â€Å"Therefore, it is important to know whether a certain entitlement rule originates with judicial decisions, administrative rule, or individual staff discretion, for on that fact depends the probability of change – staff decisions certainly are changed more easily than are formal rules and statutes. † (Chambers and Wedal, 2005, p. 112) On the other hand, the two other eligibility rules are described to be minimal in problems. This is due to their ability to sink within the system and serve as both a check-and-balance among local authorities under the Lakewood Police Department and an initiative to further create changes that the department needs to address the changing needs of the future. Eligibility rules are characterized to create a foundation for actions by people. In the case of Lakewood Police Department, it seeks to cater the needs of the locals in promoting security and their welfare. In the issue of such eligibility rules being fair, it can be argued that they are indeed fair overall since it is based from the mandate of laws and legislation. The only issue here is the actual application of such rules by people who supposed to be fit for the description. Sometimes, there is a subjective interpretation of how such rules can be applied. This creates the sense of disparity of opinions and practices to both local and enforcers of such rules. On the other hand, tackling the issue of sufficiency, yes, it can be argued that the rules applied during that time are sufficient to address the current need of the locals. However, it may not be the case in the future as new issues and challenges arise within the new system. That is why, changes in the system and rules are needed to further pursue the interests of people. For one, rules are and regulations are meant for the people to ensure their security and welfare within the community.

Traditional marketing campaigns Essay Example for Free

Traditional marketing campaigns Essay With the apparition of the Internet, what was generally a cumbersome, costly marketing campaign, with a limited audience (and we are referring here to the traditional marketing campaigns, via the usual channels of communication: newspapers, media, fliers etc. ) became a far-reaching method of promoting your business, at virtually no cost other than that imposed by the necessity to have a functional Internet connection, to pay salaries to people promoting the business online and to building up a presentation website. Easy to commit to, Internet marketing has become a favored tool by many economic agents. First of all, the advantages of Internet marketing are numerous. The first one to be mentioned is the low costs involved. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, the first thing that a small business like this needs is a website. The website virtually plays the role of an online store, with two main functions: presentation and, if the owner wishes it, online sale. The case of the order clothing retail business specializing in children specialty items is reflective in this sense. First of all, the website will present not only the actual product (in terms of sizes available, coloring etc. ), but also the company itself, the people involved in the business etc. It always helps, as a online promotional mean, to have the figures and, perhaps, a short biography of the owners on site, because, this way, the potential clients will tend to gain more trust in online ordering. There are several online marketing tips that can make the site and, subsequently, the business, more successful. Testimonies are always important in businesses. As this is an online business, it may be that some of the testimonies are not necessarily those of real customers, but they will help induce a sense of security to the potential client. The testimonies can in fact be a successful mean of further presenting the mechanism and the way business is concluded. Something like â€Å"I couldn’t believe how easy it was: I just placed the order on the website and I had the item in less than 24 hours† will be a line that will let the potential client know that he is likely to receive a product very fast and with almost no time spent in the process. It is also important to have a page within the website clearly explaining the entire shopping mechanism, in clear terms, so that the client will know the hows and the whens. It is not sufficient to simply point out to the location where he has to place his order. A separate page entitled Process, for example, will let him understood the entire mechanism: the fact that he places his order, his order is received and he receives a confirmation of the fact, he can then pay for the order and this is delivered to him in a certain period of time. This type of exact information will likely improve communication and the business process with the clients. Given the specific of the business, that of a mail order clothing retail business specializing in children specialty items, it is also important to have pictures and presentation pages for the products that are commercialized. This will give potential clients an imagistic presentation of the products they will be buying. As previously mentioned, the website needs to act exactly like a store (albeit an online one, in a virtual environment) in which the client will need to be able to see, compare, analyze products. Second of all, the website will be able to register users and take their orders automatically, without any individuals involved, which obviously lowers costs significantly, since you are not going to have someone paid to look after the clients who place the orders. There are however some technological costs involved, for example the cost of IT maintenance and web-related issues (web designing, web maintenance etc. ) that will increase fixed costs for this form of marketing. The simple creation of a website is insufficient for the marketing of the small business we are referring to. The website needs to be, in its turn, promoted over the Internet, so that a larger number of visitors will take note of the services offered. There are several ways to do this. First of all, search engine optimization (SEO) is important, because it will place the site within the first option when a search operation is made, for certain key words. Taking the specific of our mail order clothing retail business, we may decide, for example, as the main key words to be children, clothing, items and some particular children items (toys etc. ). For these, we will try both to make the text on our website reflective of these key words and to promote them on search engines.

Volumetric Analysis to Find Concentration of Acid

Volumetric Analysis to Find Concentration of Acid A. Dilshan Jayawickrama Introduction: Volumetric Analysis is a quantitative method and which deals with the volume of a particular substance used in the analysis. However in volumetric analysis most important factor is the volume. Here the volumetric analysis is proceed with known amount of solutions. But, concentrations of both the solution has not been mentioned since it is done to find out the concentration of known acid or a base. When adding known concentration solution to unknown concentration solution drop wise will result a color change at a point and this procedure called Titration. In volumetric analysis there are 5 main types as acid base titration, redox titration, precipitation titration, complexometric titration and iodometric titration (Datta and Johar, 2014). Titration is the process of observing the color change of mixed solution when known concentration solution is added to unknown concentration solution. Titrant is the solution in volumetric analysis whose concentration is known. Titrand is the solution in volumetric analysis whose concentration is to be found. (Solution with unknown concentration). Indicator is the substance used to observe the color change of the resulting solution. Equivalence point is the point which will show the color change of the resulting solution for the first time when adding solutions from burette drop wise. End point is the point at which the color change will not be disappeared and stay permanently. Phenolphthalein is used because it is slightly acidic and it can detect the pH range of 8.3 to 10.0 resulting color change colorless to pink. Phenolphthalein is insoluble in water where it is soluble is alcohols. (Matthews, 2003). Color change of Indicators (Phenolphthalein) (Pradeep and Dave, 2013) Preparation of 0.1moldm-3 of NaOH Took 10.0ml of NaOH (1moldm-3) to the graduated pipette using pipette filler and introduced it into the volumetric flask whose volume is 100ml. Then diluted the solution up to 100ml by adding distilled water until the lower meniscus of the diluted NaOH solution to tally with the ring mark present on the volumetric flask. Acid Base Titration is carried out to find the concentration of an acid or a base by neutralizing the acid or the base of which the concentration is unknown. The burette should be filled with the Base (known concentration solution) and the titration flask should contain the acid which the concentration is to be determined. Then three drops of indicator, phenolphthalein should be added to the titration flask, because the phenolphthalein will leads towards the color change in the resulting solution. In the titration above, the acid which has the unknown concentration is HCl and the base which has the known concentration is NaOH. When NaOH added with HCl, it results NaCl with H2O. Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid Sodium Chloride + Water NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O After setting up the equipment, the titration is carried out by allowing base from burette to fall into the acid drop wise and should observed the resulting solution very carefully until it occurs the color change. At some point, when the NaOH drops falls into the HCl solution will result pink color due to phenolphthalein and that pink color is not permanent since it disappears. When observing the pink color for the first time, it will be the equivalence point. Then the test should be carried out so on until pale pink color will remain without disappearing and it is called the endpoint of the titration. Once endpoint is reached, tap of the burette should close soon and get stop the titration. Then tabulate the reading by repeating the experiment at least three times to get three readings. Finally calculate the concentration of the unknown solution by putting the reading into the basic equations of chemistry. Objectives: The objective of this practical is to find out the unknown concentration of an acid or a base by Volumetric Analysis which is a quantitative analytical method. Materials: Volumetric Flask Burette Funnel Graduated Pipette Transfer pipette Beakers Hydrochloric Acid Sodium Hydroxide Phenolphthalein Burette Holder Titration Flask Pipette filer Distilled Water Methodology: First the graduated pipette was washed with a small amount of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH). Then the filled sodium hydroxide was discarded and 10.0 ml of NaOH was filled to the graduated pipette using pipette filler and transferred to a volumetric flask. A little amount of distilled water was poured into the volumetric flask and swirled. Then more distilled water was added up to the volumetric flask till it rises up to the ring mark and lower meniscus balanced. Cleaned the burette with small amount of NaOH. After that the burette was fixed vertically to the burette holder and the burette was filled up to 0.00ml mark. Then the graduated pipette was washed with some (Hydrochloric) HCl acid to clean up. After cleaning the graduated pipette by HCl acid, it was filled with HCl acid whose concentration is to be found, exactly up to 10.0 ml with the help of pipette filler. Then 10.0ml of HCl acid was introduced to the titration flask and three drops of phenolphthalein was directly put into HCl acid in the titration flask without let it touching the glass of the titration flask. After that, placed the titration flask under the burette which was fixed to the holder. The tap of the burette was slowly opened to release the NaOH drop wise into the titration flask, then at one place, the NaOH drops when fall into the HCl acid will show some pink color dot for the very first time, and that point will call as the equivalence point of the titration. Then the tap was adjusted slowly to reduce the rate at which it release NaOH drops. Few seconds later at a point the pale pink color can be seen which is permanent, and that point is called the end point. Then closed the tap of the burette and the volume of NaOH which has been used to neutralize the acid is recorded. After recording the first reading continued the practical two more times to get another two readings. Results were tabulated. Results: The experiment is carried out for three times to get three readings and reading taken at each test has been tabulated below. Average volume = 32.10cm3 + 34.00cm3 + 35.20cm3 3 = 33.76 cm3 Discussion: Titration is the process of determining the concentration of unknown solution when two solutions are put into to neutralize. A chemical reaction has been used for this purpose and the reaction should be fast and should be a complete reaction. The titration should have a determinable equivalence point and an endpoint. We used HCl and diluted NaOH (0.1moldm-3) in this titration process and the indicator used is phenolphthalein which can cover a range of 8.3 to 10.0 pH value. Here, the indicator is acting like a signal showing where to stop the titration at endpoint. When NaOH added with HCl, it results NaCl with H2O. Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid Sodium Chloride + Water NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O Actually the endpoint is the neutral point where acid and base get neutralized. For this reaction, Ionic equation is: H+ + OH H2O Here at the endpoint in first titration, the whole resulting solution turned into pale pink color, but other two reading were too far apart due to some errors. The errors which may lead to deviate the readings may be: Improper calibration of glass wares Misreading the volume in graduated pipette Using of contaminated solutions Using of solutions with wrong concentrations Using indicators in wrong amounts Using impure glass wares Not transferring the proper volume and not taking the proper volume Not filling up the burette properly Using wrong solutions since all looks same (colorless) Sometimes it can be due to the usage of contaminated solutions because taking the pipette for the next test without washing. It can be due to the way which cleaned the pipette after using once. Sometimes the titration results can alter due to human errors such as difficulty with reading the burette value or sometimes hand glows can have some drops of some other solutions and get dropped to the test which is going on. As the first reading 32.10cm3 was a successful effort, but still the test 02 (34.00cm3) and test 03 (35.20cm3) was unsuccessful due to those errors. Sometimes the color change was so rapid change and unable to stop the tap of the burette on time. Conclusion: The concentration of the unknown was determined by using titration process and by the known value for the other solution. Calculation should be carried out in order to get the final answer to determine the unknown concentration of HCl. Calculation: Average volume = 32.10cm3 + 34.00cm3 + 35.20cm3 3 = 33.76cm3 Assumption: Number of moles remain unchanged Therefore by using, C1V1 = C2V2 0.100moldm-3 x 0.100dm-3 = C2 x 0.033dm-3 C2 = 0.100moldm-3 x 0.100dm-3 0.033dm-3 C2 = 0.30moldm-3 THE UNKNOWN CONCENTRATION OF HCl IS 0.30moldm-3 Reference: Pradeep, D.J. and Dave, K. (2013) ‘A Novel, Inexpensive and Less Hazardous Acid-Base Indicator’, Journal of Laboratory Chemical Education, 1(2), pp. 34-35. [Online] DOI: 10.5923/j.jlce.20130102.04 (Accessed 30 October 2014). Matthews, P. (2003) Advanced Chemistry. New Delhi: Cambridge University Press. Datta, S.C. and Johar, N.K. (2014) Undergraduate Chemistry. New Delhi: Anne Books Pvt.Ltd.

Twisted :: essays research papers

Twisted Audience: General Audience / Instructor Purpose: Literary work To explain how a tornado can affect a family. Thesis Sentence: Although an event may be traumatic it is not necessarily life changing. Outline: I. Describe the setting A. Where / When B. What was heard 1. What did the tornado sound like 2. How did parents direct us C. What was seen 1. How did the storm look 2. What did the tornado look like II. What was on the farm A. House B. Storm Cellar C. Animals D. Trees E. Newly plowed and planted fields III. Where did we go A. Root cellar B. Neighbor III. What did the tornado do A. To the farm B. To the family I guess everyone experiences at least one terrifying event in his or her lifetime. How we assimilate the event shapes our attitudes, or maybe vice-versa. It can become the catalyst that lead, to phobias; sometimes it even earns itself a fancy title with â€Å"syndrome† attached to the end of it. I just call it a memory, but one I shared with eight other people. In a north central Indiana cornfield, not far from Indianapolis, my father returned to his chores in the field after a brief rain shower had passed. The edge of an enormous thunderstorm, laced with brilliant lightning, had passed overhead and it seemed as if the worst of the storm was over. Life was not easy on the fertile soil of Wabash County, Indiana, on May 25, 1966. For my family, life was about to become even harder. A muffled roar in the distance grew louder and sharper. As dad began to move toward the house, he realized that the low, indistinct form in the distance was not rain or a patch of fog. It was a rotating transparent funnel, beneath a dark mass of cloud. It extended from under the southwest corner of the thunderstorm. An occasional snake-like form would briefly appear within the cloud, and then suddenly vanish. It was coming directly toward our farm. The next time he looked, three or four contorted and transparent columns would briefly circle the center of what looked like a patch of swirling mist. The cloud looked nothing like the thin funnels and ropes that we had seen in the distance every few years. Dad now ran at full speed for the house, trying with each breath to shout "Twister!" Within the next few seconds, nine people would make life or death decisions about self-preservation, about prized possessions, and about family members. The rotating cloud had changed from transparent mist to a solid brown mass, at the edge of the newly

Cox Enterprises Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Cox Enterprises Media Corporations in the Global Marketplace Cox Enterprises, Inc. (CEI) is an Atlanta-based media conglomerate that has ties into nearly all media forms today. Since the founding of Cox Enterprises by James M. Cox in 1898, CEI has been established as a media staple through newspapers, radio, television, cable, telephone, and Internet communications . As of 2000, Cox Enterprises was ranked seventh in AdAge’s â€Å"100 Leading Media Companies† . Cox Enterprises is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is currently being led by Chairman and Chief Executive Officer James C. Kennedy, the grandson of James M. Cox. Cox Enterprises ,Inc. is the parent company for Cox Communications, Inc., Cox Interactive Media, Inc., Cox Newspapers, Inc., Cox Radio, Inc., Cox Television, and Manheim Auctions, Inc . Since James Kennedy became the CEO for Cox Enterprises in 1988, revenues have increased from $1.8 billion to more than $7.8 billion in 2000 . The public trading of both Cox Communications and Cox Radio since the company takeover by Kennedy has resulted in a respectable market capitalization of $27 billion and $2.4 billion. The establishment of Cox Enterprises began in 1898 when James M. Cox purchased the Dayton Evening News in Ohio . Prior to the success of Cox’s media career, he ran and lost against Warren G. Harding in the 1920 Presidential election. Upon losing the election, Cox decided to return to Ohio and focus on his media business. In 1934, he...

Translating Transgender: A laymans guide to the least-known minority E

Translating Transgender: A layman's guide to the least-known minority Who hasn't been told to "just be yourself and people will like you?" It seems like such a simple notion. But what if being yourself could lead to harassment, rejection, isolation, unemployment, homelessness, physical violence, or even death? Not so simple anymore, is it? Sadly, this situation is one that confronts transgendered people worldwide on a daily basis. Laurie Johnson*, a tall, robust Fall River resident who underwent male-to-female sex reassignment surgery in 1998, says that she can hardly leave her house without being hassled. "The discrimination and harassment are almost constant when I'm 'dressed,'" she says. "I've heard total strangers comment 'Is that a man or a woman?'. I've been denied service at a bank because they claimed I was wearing a 'disguise.' I tried to attend a business school where they required students to wear business attire. I was asked to leave the first day because I was 'disrupting the classes' simply by being there." Sadly, Johnson's experiences are not uncommon. Many transgendered people, "dressed" or not, report encountering such discrimination and difficulties in their day-to-day lives, a lot of which can be largely attributed to the fact that, despite the great progress that has been made on the gender front, the general public is still largely uneducated about the transgendered lifestyle. While the gay and lesbian movements have come to the forefront of our national consciousness as a result of the recent gay marriage controversy, the transgender movement has remained somewhat in the shadows. Indeed, the transgender culture is probably the least talked about, most commonly misunderstood minority in... ...owed up and talked to them for a while, then wrote a nice story but her editor squashed it because of the ad revenue they get from that chain. They don't usually bother me anymore, unless they have a new security worker." More than anything, when speaking of life as a transsexual, Johnson says she just wishes people would understand that "transsexuals are just like everyone else in the world except when it comes to sex and gender. We can be generous or greedy, kind or cruel, loving or bigoted. Statistically, we're smarter than the general population and, on average, more law abiding." "I would just like to be left alone," she says. Justin Clemente has a slightly different outlook on things. "If (as a society) we can't accept each other, how can we accept ourselves?" he says. "Diversity is honestly the spice of life, and with no spice, life SUCKS!"

GSP

Previous report have shown that following an SE, reactive astrocytes become hypertrophic (increasing the expression of intermediate filament proteins), and develop longer and thicker processes (Robel et al., 2015), In this study, astrocytic reaction observed in the GSP or DZP treated CSE is moderate (Plate 4.13.5b), due to the fairly stabled morphology. This could probably be linked to a reduced excitotoxicity or attenuated ROS by GSP or DZP within the hippocampus attributable to GSP treatment especially. It therefore becomes a suggestive evidence from this study that astrocytic reaction in CSE treated with either GSP or DZP is an adaptive type of astriogliosis (a defensive reaction aiming to restore homeostasis). The functional and morphologic changes astrocytes undergo in the GSP or DZP brain and during CSE may have a dual nature based on the underlying pathophysiological characteristics. On the one hand, reactive astrogliosis can occur as a compensatory mechanism following damage to the nervous system and lead to the reduction in excitability (Vargas-SÃ ¡nchez et al., 2018). In this study, there was intensification of astrocytic proliferative in the CSE + NS at 7th day post CSE. This is in consonant with the findings of Gibbons et al. (2013) that in early stages of SE there is no marked intensification in astrocytic proliferation, while at later stages, there is a rapid increase in the number of astrocytes. Although astrocytes have the capacity to proliferate just after an SE, the reported small number of new cells suggest that in models of SE reactive astrocytes are comprised mainly of the resident astrocytes present before the insult (Gibbons et al., 2013). Conclusion The major consequential effects of CSE is on higher order behaviour, most especially on indices of learning and memory which is mainly controlled by the hippocampus. These effects of CSE stemmed from reduction in percentage body weight gain, attenuation in the relative hippocampal weight to the brain, decreased spatial and object recognition memory. However, memory impairment observed in this study was attributed to alteration in the cholinergic neurotransmitters, increased excitotoxicity, pro-oxidant/ antioxidant imbalance which led to exacerbation of oxidative stress of the hippocampus, hippocampal atrophy and necrosis, astriogliosis, and generation of abnormal granule cells in the hillus of the dentate gyrus, All these dysfunction were significantly attenuated by GSP treatment, the effect that was better tolerated than that of a conventional anticonvulsant drug- DZP. It is therefore concluded that GSP can be used is a better agent in the treatment of CSE due to its attenuation in memory impairment and insignificant adverse effects. Recommendation The principal goal of CSE treatment is the termination of seizure with little or no attendant on-toward side effects. It is evident from this study that apart from the fact that GSP (20 mg/kg or 10mg/kg) attenuated hippocampal excitotoxicity and astriogliosis following CSE, it also posed no significant side effects on the indices of learning and memory. This study therefore recommends further experimental research on the anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activities of GSP.